of cincinnati



April 1, 1930. w. w. ROWE PROCESS OF CRINKLING AND REENFORCING PAPER Original Filed July 18, 1924 A TTORNE Y.

Reiesuecl Apr 1, 1930 UNITED STATES 'PA-Tsqr OFFICE. 1

WILLIAM WALLACE ROWE, OI CINCINNATI, OHIO, ASSIGNOR TO THE PAPER SERVICE COMPANY, OF CINCINNATI, OHIO, A CORPORATION OF OHIO PROCESS 0] CBTNK'LING AND REENFOBCING PAPER.

Original Ro. 1,628',515, dated- My invention relates to a process of forming a crinkled paper with a surfacing material on one side thereof, which surfacing material when plastic may be employed as a binder for securin a stretchable fibre backing or other form 0 backing.

[In the manufacture of crinkled paper,.it

has been the practice to wet the paper and pass it between a rubber and'a steel roll. This causes the moist sheet to adhere to the steel roll from which it is stripped bya brass knife against the roll thereby crinkhng' the paper. When it is desired to apply a bituminous coating or some cementing agent or varnish to the paper, as for example in making a crinkled paper sheet backed with burlap, where I ordinarily use asphalt as a binder between the paper and the burla it has been the practice to dry the crinkle paper, surface it with asphalt, and then scrape away the excess asphalt in such a way as to avoidflattening out the 'crinkles in the paper.

The double handling of the paper as has.

been my practice, together with the care required to avoid pulling. or ironing out the crinkles in the paper, has led to my present invention in which these difilculties are done away wit Y Thus it is my object to coat a sheet of dry paper with a cementing agent, such as asphalt, and in the same operation to crinkle the paper. Itis also my object, where desired, to unite the crinkled paper while the asphalt is still plastic and adhesive with a body of material which acts as a backing. The crinkled nature of the paper, where the backing has a greater stretch than ordinary paper, is a very valuable feature, since the paper will stretch and not tear, when the backing stretches.

I accomplish my objects b -that certain series of steps to be hereina ter' more specificall pointed out and claimed.

In t e'drawing the fi of a mechanism such as have found suitable for use in my process.

In the diagram, the tank 1 is an asphalt tankinto wh ch digs a driven roll 2, which is a steel roll, suc crinkled paper. An adjustable roll 3, revolvre is a diagram as is usedin making.

May 10, 1927, Serial No. 726,709, filed July 18, 1924. Application for rcisme filed February 2, 1929. Serial No. 337,072.

2, so that it will crepe against the brass scraper 4. The brass scraper 4 rests against the steel roll 2, and lifts the paper away therefrom. The paper is drawn ofi the scraper 4 at a speed slower than it is piled up against the scraper. The relation of these Zco two speeds governs the amount of stretch put in .the paper, that is the stretchability is proportional tothe amount of crinkling.

The paper 5 is on a roll 6, whence it passes over rollers 7, which feed it between the asphaltmg' roll 2 and the riding roll 13. The paper becomes surfaced and thus adheres to the roll 2,,with the help ofpressure from the roll 13. The brass knife or scra er 4 lifts away the paper, and the asphalt lm adherent thereto. This action I have found results in .avery thorough and excellent crinkling of the paper, and in a complete coating of the paper with asphalt, with asphalt Within the v tiny folds of the crinkles, and generally covering the back of the sheet.

The paper may then be passed over a scraper 8, to remove any surplus asphalt, and if desired, dried and store Paper crinkled by my process will be found todifl'er from other crinkled papers in a number of important respects.

Paper caused to adhere to the creping roll by means of a heat-softened heat-plastic substance as an adhesive, crepes witha uniformity hitherto unattainable, and is marked by a practical absence of skips and a velvety appearance which, while capable of considerable variation, is nevertheless characteristic.

It is uniformly distinguished by a fineness and uniformity of the crinkles, and a freedom from uncrinkled sections or irregularities in the crepe, even in papers so heavy as to be practically impossible of creping by other processes. These differences, I believe chiefly due to the strong bond obtainable through the use of the heat, plastic substance .as an adhesive in binding the sheet to the roll, which is novel with me.

In water-creping processes intimate contact is necessary between the sheet and. the roll, and I believe that the function of the water, aside from its softening effectupon the fibres, is to seal the sheet to the roll so that atmospheric pressure is effective holding it there. It is well known that skips occur at the edges of the sheet in water-creping. It it also true that skips will occur where there is a chance perforation in the sheet. In my proces however, the sheet is adhesively bound to the roll, and the creping is neither dependent upon absolute contact between the roll and the paper, nor upon a vacuum seal. Further, the coating, depending upon its thickness actually separates the sheet from the roll, and is creped with the sheet.

Other factors may have a secondary effect 111 producing a novel product, such asthe condition of the fibers during the creping. It is to be pointed out that my process permits the production of acreped paper without the use of any water whatever, where desired, so that the crinkling may be done with the fibers in their original dry, firmly knitted, resilient, and'sized condition and in this way I may attain a creped sheet characterized by unusual softness and sheen on the uncoated, side, while retaining the other characteristics noted above. My process is characterized first, by the use of a heat plastic substance to bind the paper to the roll, and secondly, by a deformation or rumpling of the fibers while they are substantially dry as distinguished from paper which has absorbed great quantities of water as by being passed through a water bath in an uncoated condition, although a degree of moisture in the paper does not apparently afl'ect those characteristics in the nal product which flow from the binding of the sheet to the creping roll by means of a heat plastic adhesive substance. Again, since the heat plastic adhesive substance is applied to my paper before the creping operation, and the creping is done while the coating is plastic, the relationship of the coating there of in my final product to the creped paper itself will differ from the relationship in a product which has been creped without the use of a heat plastic substance and has subsequently been coated with one. It is possible that the qualities of my product may be affected by the distribution and elasticity or other characteristics of the resident film of heat plastic substance on the surface of the final crepe. When my novel product is joined ber of points into pieces still adhesively secured to the burla and with such minute lines of cleavage there etween that "sifting is still sheet to the creped which the asphalted web is passed. A- web 10, of burlap or other backing is also passed around said rolls, between them and the asphalted paper. This results in adherence of the backing, and the united'webs are passed over cooling rolls 11, 11, and thence to a re winding drum 12, or other point for use or storage. I

Having thus described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is 1.- That process of creping dry papeg, without the use of moisture or adhesive requiring drying, which consists in applying a heat plastic bituminous substance to the paper, bringing said substance to a position of adhesion to a creping roll, so as to bind the paper thereto, and removing the paper with a creping knife so as to crepe the same.

2. That process of creping dry paper, without the use of moisture or adhesive requiring dryin which consists in applying a heat plastic bituminous substance to the paper, bringing said substance to a position of adhesion to a creping roll, so as to bind the paper thereto, and removing the paper with a creping knife so as to crepe the same, said bituminous substance being applied in sufficient quantities to serve later as an adhesive in binding a backing sheet to the creped paper by, means of said bituminous substance, while same is in a heat plastic condition.

3. That process of creping dry. paper, without the use of moisture or adhesive requiring drying, which consists in applying a heat plastic bituminous substance to the paper, bringing said substance to a position of adhesion to a creping roll, so as to bind the paper thereto, and removing the paper with a creping knife so as to crepe the same, said bituminous substance being applied in suflicient quantities to serve later as an adhesive, and prior to the solidification thereof following the creping, applying a backing paper, thereby causing it to adhere thereto.

4. A process of treating paper which consists in passing a sheet over a roll under pressure with abituminous coating agent.

interposed-between the sheet and the roll and stripping the sheet from the roll by a scraper set against the said roll, thereby crinkling the sheet, and then passing the sheet into contact with a backing, whereb the backing is caused to adhere to the crin led paper.

5. A process of treating paper which conmuse v 3 sists in passin a sheet of paper between two rolls with a fihn of bituminous substance of adhesive nature inter sed between the paper and one of the rol s, then stripping the 5 paper away fromthe said roll. by means pf ascrapr set against the roll, and then wlnle the bitumen is still soft and adhesive, brmging the crinkled sheet resultin from the stripping into contact with abac mg.

" 1 6. That process of creping paper wh1c h consists in applyin ,a heat-plast c bltunnnous substance to t e paper, bringing 891d palper to a.-position'of adhesion to a crepm r 1, so as to bind the paper thereto by 'sai 5 substance, and removing the paper witha creping knife so as to crepe the same.

7. A process of treating paper which consists in passing a sheet over a'roll under res surewith the interposition of a heat p astic 2o bituminous coating agent between the sheet and the roll and stripping the sheet from the roll by a scraper set against the said roll, thereby crinkhng the said sheet and then passing the sheet into contact with a body of material, whereby said body of material is caused to adhere to the crinkled paper. L

8. A process for 'roducing a crinkled paper product, whic "comprises binding paper to a creping roll through the action :0 of a heat plastic bituminous substance. during the creping operation. p

9.. A product'comprising a crinkled paper coated with a heat plastic bituminoussubstance uniformly within and without the i 36 crinkles and characterized by conjoint creping of the fibers and the heat plastic la en, said heat plastic layer adhesively binding said paper to the creping roll during the crepm operation. 4o "10. product-formed ofa iece of crinkled paper having 'a' crinkled ace complete] coated within and without the crinkles wit a bituminous substance b being first coated with said substance and then creped conointly while said substance is plastic.

- 11. A composite product formed of a piece offlcrmkled paper having a crinkled face com- I pletel coated and" without" the or es with a bituminous substance by bemg first coated with said substance and then creped while said substance is, lastic, said.

bituminous substance f adhesive y secu sa1d cr1nkled paper to another materizi 'formmgaco' n roduct.

WILL H ALLACE ROWE, 

